Ecology and Conservation of Mountain Birds
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| Category | US | EU | UK | Chest (in) | Waist (in) | Hips (in) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | XS | 44 | 34 | 32-34 | 26-28 | 33-35 |
| S | 46 | 36 | 34-36 | 28-30 | 35-37 | |
| M | 48 | 38 | 38-40 | 32-34 | 39-41 | |
| L | 50 | 40 | 42-44 | 36-38 | 43-45 | |
| XL | 52 | 42 | 46-48 | 40-42 | 47-49 | |
| Women | XS | 32 | 6 | 31-32 | 24-25 | 33-34 |
| S | 34 | 8 | 33-34 | 26-27 | 35-36 | |
| M | 36 | 10 | 35-36 | 28-29 | 37-38 | |
| L | 38-40 | 12-14 | 37-39 | 30-32 | 39-41 | |
| XL | 42 | 16 | 40-42 | 33-35 | 42-44 | |
| Youth | XS | 128 | 7 | 26-28 | 23-24 | 26-28 |
| S | 134 | 8 | 28-30 | 24-25 | 28-30 | |
| M | 140 | 10 | 30-32 | 25-26 | 30-32 | |
| L | 146 | 12 | 32-34 | 26-27 | 32-34 | |
| XL | 152 | 14 | 34-36 | 27-28 | 34-36 |
| Category | US | EU | UK | Waist (in) | Hip (in) | Inseam (in) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | 28 | 44 | 28 | 28 | 34 | 30 |
| 30 | 46 | 30 | 30 | 36 | 31 | |
| 32 | 48 | 32 | 32 | 38 | 32 | |
| 34 | 50 | 34 | 34 | 40 | 33 | |
| 36 | 52 | 36 | 36 | 42 | 34 | |
| Women | 0 | 32 | 4 | 24 | 34 | 30 |
| 2 | 34 | 6 | 25 | 35 | 30 | |
| 4 | 36 | 8 | 26 | 36 | 31 | |
| 6 | 38 | 10 | 27 | 38 | 32 | |
| 8 | 40 | 12 | 28 | 40 | 32 |
| Category | US | EU | UK | Foot Length (in) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | 6 | 39 | 5.5 | 9.25 |
| 7 | 40 | 6.5 | 9.625 | |
| 8 | 41 | 7.5 | 10 | |
| 9 | 42 | 8.5 | 10.25 | |
| 10 | 43 | 9.5 | 10.625 | |
| 11 | 44 | 10.5 | 11 | |
| 12 | 45 | 11.5 | 11.25 | |
| 13 | 46 | 12.5 | 11.625 | |
| Women | 5 | 35 | 2.5 | 8.5 |
| 6 | 36 | 3.5 | 8.875 | |
| 7 | 37 | 4.5 | 9.25 | |
| 8 | 38 | 5.5 | 9.625 | |
| 9 | 39 | 6.5 | 10 | |
| 10 | 40 | 7.5 | 10.25 | |
| 11 | 41 | 8.5 | 10.625 | |
| 12 | 42 | 9.5 | 11 | |
| M (Unisex) | 5 | 37 | 4.5 | 8.75 |
| 6 | 38 | 5.5 | 9 | |
| 7 | 39 | 6.5 | 9.5 | |
| 8 | 40 | 7.5 | 10 | |
| 9 | 41 | 8.5 | 10.25 | |
| 10 | 42 | 9.5 | 10.625 | |
| 11 | 43 | 10.5 | 11 | |
| 12 | 44 | 11.5 | 11.25 |
High mountain habitats are globally important for biodiversity. At least 12% of birds worldwide breed at or above the treeline, many of which are endemic species or species of conservation concern. However, due to the challenges of studying mountain birds in difficult-to-access habitats, little is known about their status and trends. This book provides the first global review of the ecology, evolution, life history and conservation of high mountain birds, including comprehensive coverage of their key habitats across global mountain regions, assessments of diversity patterns along elevation gradients, and adaptations for life in the alpine zone. The main threats to mountain bird populations are also identified, including climate change, human land use and recreational activities. Written for ecologists and naturalists, this book identifies key knowledge gaps and clearly establishes the research priorities needed to increase our understanding of the ecology of mountain birds and to aid in their conservation.
