The Football: The Amazing Mathematics of the World’s Most Watched Object

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Clothing Size Conversion Chart
Category US EU UK Chest (in) Waist (in) Hips (in)
Men XS 44 34 32-34 26-28 33-35
S 46 36 34-36 28-30 35-37
M 48 38 38-40 32-34 39-41
L 50 40 42-44 36-38 43-45
XL 52 42 46-48 40-42 47-49
Women XS 32 6 31-32 24-25 33-34
S 34 8 33-34 26-27 35-36
M 36 10 35-36 28-29 37-38
L 38-40 12-14 37-39 30-32 39-41
XL 42 16 40-42 33-35 42-44
Youth XS 128 7 26-28 23-24 26-28
S 134 8 28-30 24-25 28-30
M 140 10 30-32 25-26 30-32
L 146 12 32-34 26-27 32-34
XL 152 14 34-36 27-28 34-36
Pants Size Conversion Chart
CategoryUSEUUKWaist (in)Hip (in)Inseam (in)
Men284428283430
304630303631
324832323832
345034344033
365236364234
Women0324243430
2346253530
4368263631
63810273832
84012284032
Shoes Size Conversion Chart
CategoryUSEUUKFoot Length (in)
Men6395.59.25
7406.59.625
8417.510
9428.510.25
10439.510.625
114410.511
124511.511.25
134612.511.625
Women5352.58.5
6363.58.875
7374.59.25
8385.59.625
9396.510
10407.510.25
11418.510.625
12429.511
M (Unisex)5374.58.75
6385.59
7396.59.5
8407.510
9418.510.25
10429.510.625
114310.511
124411.511.25
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Description

An illustration-packed dive into the geometry, engineering, and physics of soccer balls

The Football takes readers on an entertaining and fact-filled exploration of the mathematical secrets of the most popular spherical object on the planet. The football is familiar to billions of fans across the globe, but how many really look at it? Do footballs all have the same shape? Spoiler: not exactly. How does their shape affect how they play? With Étienne Ghys as our guide, we discover why ballistics, friction, and air flow are key to scoring goals-and why the football is a mathematical problem that engineers are still trying to solve.

Ghys begins with the classic Telstar ball used in the 1970 World Cup in Mexico. Its twelve black pentagons and twenty white hexagons are what most of us picture when we think of the sport. Following the story through successive World Cups, he shows how engineers constantly challenge themselves to reinvent the ball, aiming for a perfect sphere while accounting for manufacturing requirements and aerodynamics. Along the way, Ghys introduces us to the mathematics of Platonic solids, symmetries, polyhedra, turbulence, roughness, drag, and spin. He paints engaging portraits of the engineers and sports insiders who study and apply these phenomena and explains how the skills of players factor into how the ball behaves, whether the game is being played in stadiums, schoolyards, or backyards.

Featuring a wealth of color illustrations, The Football blends a lively narrative with insights from a world-renowned geometer to tell a mathematical story unlike any other.